Periyapuranam by Sekkhizhar - Introduction

The Periyapuranam by Sekkizhar

 

The Periyapuranam, an epic composed by Sekkizhar, is a revered Tamil literary masterpiece that holds a unique place in the hearts of Shaivites and Tamil literature enthusiasts. Written in the 12th century, this hagiographic work chronicles the lives of the 63 Nayanmars, the ardent devotees of Lord Siva, whose devotion and miraculous experiences have become legendary. It is also one among the 12 Canonical works of Saivism.

The Historical Context

Sekkizhar, a devout minister in the court of the Chola king Kulothunga II (Anabaya Cholan), penned the Periyapuranam at a time when the Chola dynasty was at the zenith of its power. The king, inspired by Sekkizhar's devotion and literary prowess, commissioned the work to immortalize the lives of the Nayanmars, thereby reinforcing Saivism's cultural and spiritual ethos within the Tamil-speaking regions. The epic not only served a religious purpose but also acted as a political and cultural instrument, unifying the people under the spiritual umbrella of Saivism.

The Structure and Content

The Periyapuranam, also known as Tiruttondar Puranam, is composed of nearly 4,286 verses written in a form of classical Tamil poetry. The work is divided into chapters, each dedicated to a specific Nayanar, detailing their life stories, acts of devotion, and the divine experiences they encountered.

The narratives within the Periyapuranam are rich with miraculous events and moral lessons. Each Nayanar's story is a testament to the power of unwavering devotion to Lord Siva. From Kannappa Nayanar, who offered his own eyes to the deity, to Sundarar, whose hymns are still sung in temples today, the tales exemplify the ideal devotee's qualities: humility, sacrifice, and unshakeable faith.

Literary and Cultural Significance

The Periyapuranam is more than just a collection of religious stories; it is a vital piece of Tamil heritage. Its literary excellence lies in its use of elegant, emotive language and the intricate structuring of verses that adhere to strict poetic conventions. Sekkizhar's ability to weave devotional fervor with poetic beauty has made the Periyapuranam a timeless classic.

Culturally, the Periyapuranam has had a profound impact on Tamil society. The stories of the Nayanmars are taught to children, enacted in plays, and referenced in various art forms. The values espoused by the Nayanmars, such as compassion, humility, and unwavering faith, abundant love toward Siva and His devotees, continue to resonate with people today, influencing the ethical and spiritual fabric of Tamil culture.

The Spiritual Essence

At its core, the Periyapuranam is a spiritual beacon for devotees of Lord Siva. It offers a pathway to understanding the divine through the exemplary lives of the Nayanmars. The epic underscores the belief that true devotion transcends social status, wealth, and intellect; what matters most is the purity of heart and the depth of one's faith.

 The tales of the Nayanmars also highlight the concept of divine grace. Despite their human flaws, the Nayanmars were recipients of Siva's boundless grace, which transformed their lives and brought them eternal bliss. This message of hope and divine benevolence is a recurring theme that inspires millions of devotees.

Conclusion

The Periyapuranam by Sekkizhar is not just an epic; it is a spiritual odyssey that continues to illuminate the path of countless devotees. Its literary grandeur and profound spiritual insights make it a cornerstone of Tamil literature and Shaivite tradition. By chronicling the lives of the Nayanmars, Sekkizhar has bestowed upon the world a treasure trove of wisdom, devotion, and divine inspiration that remains as relevant today as it was centuries ago.